In 1975, Labor Prime Minister Gough Whitlam advised the Queen that Sir Colin Hannah, then Governor of Queensland, should have his dormant commission revoked for having made public and partisan anti-Whitlam Government political statements, in violation of the convention that state governors and federal governors-general remain neutral and above politics. The governor-general of Australia is the head of the executive branch of the federal government, serving as the representative of the Australian monarch (currently Charles III). There are countless organisations and people demonstrating how rich this country is each day. Spouses of governors-general have no official duties but carry out the role of a vice-regal consort. After Scullin's defeat in 1931, non-Labor governments continued to recommend British people for appointment as governor-general, but such appointments remained solely a matter between the Australian government and the monarch. This gives the minister sweeping powers, including imposing restrictions or preventing the movement of people and goods between specified places, and evacuations. All times AEDT (GMT +11). The Constitution sets out some specific tasks for the Governor-General, including: The Governor-General's ceremonial and constitutional roles are closely related. In 1976, the letters patent for the order were amended to introduce the rank of Knight and Dame to the order, and from that time the governor-general became, ex officio, the Chancellor and Principal Knight of the order. The King maintained that it was now his sole prerogative to choose a governor-general, and he wanted Field-Marshal Sir William Birdwood for the Australian post. The first female Governor-General was the Honourable Dame Quentin Alice Bryce AD, CVO, who served from 2008 to 2014. Scullin recommended the Australian jurist Sir Isaac Isaacs, and he insisted that George V act on the advice of his Australian prime minister in this matter. The office of "governor-general" was previously used in Australia in the mid-19th century. A second Australian (William McKell) was appointed in 1947; he was followed by three more Britons, each chosen by Sir Robert Menzies. [3][4] The governor-general is appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of government ministers. There have been only Australian occupants since then, although Sir Ninian Stephen (19821989) had been born in Britain. Stonehaven left for England on 2 October 1930. These provisions make it clear that the Monarch's role in the parliament is in name only and the actual responsibility belongs to the governor-general. After elections, or when a government loses or wins a majority in the Australian House of Representatives , the Governor General is the person who legally decides that the prime minister has the numbers to lead a government. New details have emerged about the role Australia will play at the coronation of King Charles III, as the government responds to questions about a visit to Australia by the monarch. Answer (1 of 7): Firstly anyone with that ambition will be unsuitable for the job and will miss out. The position came into being with the adoption of the new national constitution on 1 January 1901, and has been held by 27 people since then. The governor-general presides over a Federal Executive Council. The governor-general travels in a Rolls-Royce Phantom VI limousine for ceremonial occasions, such as the State Opening of Parliament. [6] The actual powers of the governor-general as commander-in-chief are not defined in the constitution, but rather in the Defence Act 1903 and other legislation. [35] All subsequent governors-general have travelled widely while in office and made multiple state visits. The governor-general of Australia is the head of the executive branch of the federal government, serving as the representative of the Australian monarch (currently Charles III ). The first female governor-general, Quentin Bryce, took office in 2008. On 8 May 1953 Slim was sworn in as governor-general of Australia. Get to know the people and work of the Parliamentary Education Office, contact us and discover how to use our website. On Thursday 2 March 2023, His Excellency General the Honourable David Hurley AC DSC (Retd) presided at a meeting of the Federal Executive Council. Since May 2013, the style used by a former governor-general is the Honourable; it was at the same time retrospectively granted for life to all previous holders of the office.[54]. The governor-general is officially appointed by the monarch of Britain but is recommended by the prime minister of Australia. [5] The monarch then permits the recommendation to be publicly announced, usually several months before the end of the existing governor-general's term. Most spouses of governors-general have been content to be quietly supportive. However, as the King lives in Britain, his powers are delegated to the Governor-General who lives in Australia. Only one governor-general, Dame Quentin Bryce (20082014), has been a woman. Defence Minister Malcolm Fraser, who opposed the call out, was responsible for informing Hasluck of the prime minister's lack of consultation. A number of governors-general have reserved royal assent for particular legislation for the Monarch. 1935 saw the appointment of the first British high commissioner to Australia, Geoffrey Whiskard (in office 19361941). Australia's Governor-General David Hurley has contracted COVID-19 and is experiencing mild symptoms, a spokesperson says. [40] No formal declarations of war have been made since World War II, although in 1973 the Whitlam Government advised the governor-general to proclaim the end of Australia's involvement in Vietnam, despite the lack of an initiating proclamation. Lord Stonehaven (as John Baird) was Minister for Transport in the Cabinets of Bonar Law and Stanley Baldwin; and after his return to Britain he became Chairman of the UK Conservative Party. General David John Hurley, AC, DSC, KStJ, FTSE (born 26 August 1953) is an Australian former senior officer in the Australian Army who has served as the 27th governor-general of Australia since 1 July 2019. Through our accessible, immersive, experiential programs and resources, the PEO fosters informed, engaged and active citizens of all ages. They include appointing the chief of the Defence Force and authorising the deployment of troops. The Governor-General of Australia is His Majesty The Kings representative. acting as Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. The salutation for a letter addressed to the Governor-General and Mrs Hurleyshould be "Your Excellencies". Sir John Kerr resigned in 1977, with his official reason being his decision to accept the position of Australian Ambassador to UNESCO in Paris, a post which ultimately he did not take up, but the resignation also being motivated by the 1975 constitutional controversy. In a very real sense, they represented the British Government. Australia will be represented at the coronation of King Charles III by Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Governor-General David Hurley, it has been confirmed. In the face of this provision, I feel it is difficult to contend that the Queen, even though present in Australia, may exercise in person functions of executive government which are specifically assigned by the constitution to the Governor-General. On 18 March 2020,[32] a human biosecurity emergency was declared in Australia owing to the risks to human health posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, after the National Security Committee met the previous day. Sir William McKell was Premier of New South Wales. In 2003, Archbishop Peter Hollingworth voluntarily stood aside while controversial allegations against him were managed, and the letters patent of the office were amended to take account of this circumstance. The right of governors-general to make state visits was confirmed at the 1926 Imperial Conference, as it was deemed not feasible for the sovereign to pay state visits on behalf of countries other than the United Kingdom. The first Governor-General was the Right Honourable John Adrian Louis Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun, who served from 1901 to 1903. Become an expert in teaching about the Australian Parliament with our curriculum-aligned education. The governor-general now wears an ordinary lounge suit if a man or day dress if a woman. [35] However, an Australian governor-general did not exercise that right until 1971, when Paul Hasluck visited New Zealand. The Governor-General, wearing a suit and medals on the left side of his chest, talks to people in a crowd. [49] The current salary is $425,000 and there is a generous pension. Sir Isaac Issacs had the esteemed honour of becoming the first Australian-born governor-general in 1931. Join in the funand the learningwith the Parliamentary Education Offices immersive learning program. A temporary vacancy occurs when the governor-general is overseas on official business representing Australia. [6][12][13] These oaths are administered by the chief justice of Australia or another senior judge. The recipients have had a significant impact at the local, national and international level and are, quite simply, inspiring, the Governor-General said. The Governor-General. [47] He did however serve as the association's patron during his term of office. [43] For instance, in 1970 Governor-General Paul Hasluck refused Prime Minister John Gorton's request to authorise a Pacific Islands Regiment peacekeeping mission in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, on the grounds that cabinet had not been consulted. Menzies had sought a man of stature, one who had no involvement in Australian politics, and one who would represent the monarch effectively. Please read ourPrivacy Statement, The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, The Office of the Official Secretary to the Governor-General, E-mail the Governor-General or Government House, Her Excellency Mrs Linda Hurley's biography, Receiving a congratulatory message from the Governor-General, The Governor-General's Official residences. The salary of the governor-general was initially set by the constitution, which fixed an annual amount of A10,000 until the parliament decided otherwise. David Hurley was appointed governor-general in 2019 By Tiffanie Turnbull BBC News, Sydney In the past fortnight, Australia has been gripped by revelations that former Australian Prime. The Order belongs to each of us and we each have a part to play. [39] In 1941 and 1942, the Curtin Government advised the governor-general to declare war on several Axis powers, but then had King George VI make identical proclamations on Australia's behalf. There are no No. Macquarie joined the British army as a boy and served in North America . These means the Governor-General is a part of both the Parliament and the executive government, and carries out tasks on behalf of the King. 26. The recipients have had a significant impact at the local, national and international level and are, quite simply, inspiring," the Governor-General said. Both the prime minister, John Howard, and Clarence House repudiated the suggestion.[67][68]. In recent years best bet is to be a three or four star general. Sort By: Good Essays. John Robert Kerr (1914-1991), lawyer, judge, and governor-general, was born on 24 September 1914 at Balmain, Sydney, eldest of eight children of New South Wales-born parents Harry Kerr, boilermaker, and his wife Laura May, ne Cardwell. Governor-General Quentin Bryce signs Julia Gillard's commission as prime minister of Australia at Government House, Canberra, 24 June 2010. This right not only to advise the monarch directly, but also to expect that advice to be accepted, was soon taken up by all the other Dominion prime ministers. 48.7k Followers, 87 Following, 826 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Governor-General of Australia (@gg_australia) gg_australia. The Governor-General is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. The royal assent brings such laws into effect, as legislation, from the date of signing. In practice, they are Australia's Head of State and have a range of constitutional and ceremonial duties. On 16 December 2018, prime minister Scott Morrison announced that the next governor-general would be General David Hurley, then-governor of New South Wales. The statement was later issued by the Prime Minister's Press Office. Message from the Governor-General "Congratulations to the outstanding Australians recognised in today's Honours List. Governor-General of Australia The most important power is found in section 58: "When a proposed law passed by both Houses of Parliament is presented to the Governor-General for the Queen's assent, he shall declare that he assents in the Queen's name." And the first female governor-general was Quentin Bryce, who took up the position in 2008. Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson had been offered the governorship of South Australia in 1895 and of Victoria in 1910, but refused both appointments. The then leader of the Opposition, Robert Menzies, called McKell's appointment "shocking and humiliating". It is encouraging to see an increase in diversity in the Order of Australia. Australia has had 26 Governors-General. It is also, in the same section, declared to be "exercisable" by the Governor-General as the Queen's representative. The Governor-General's official title is Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia. Congratulations to the outstanding Australians recognised in todays Honours List. "And I know that when I met with King Charles, we had a discussion about a visit, and I of course conveyed that he would always be welcomed here.". The first Australian-born Governor-General was the Right Honourable Sir Isaac Alfred Isaacs, who served from 1931 to 1936. Until 1989, all governors-general were members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and thus held the additional style The Right Honourable for life. 1,093 talking about this. Three governors-general have resigned their commission. Through her private secretary, she wrote that she "has no part in the decisions which the Governor-General must take in accordance with the Constitution". [9] Governors-General since 1901 are listed in Appendix 1. [11] When a new governor-general is to be appointed, the current prime minister recommends a name to the monarch, who by convention accepts that recommendation. Governor-general's role. Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, was a senior member of the royal family. During these months, the person recommended is referred to as the governor-general-designate. Gorton agreed to put the matter to his ministers, and a cabinet meeting agreed that troops should only be called out if requested by the territory's administrator; this did not occur. It is played at all official and ceremonial . Together with the Senate and the House of Representatives, the Governor-General is a part of the Australian Parliament. The same individuals were also usually either peers, knights, or both (the only Australian peer to be appointed as governor-general was the Lord Casey; and Sir William McKell was knighted only in 1951, some years into his term, but he was entitled to the style "The Honourable" during his tenure as premier of New South Wales, an office he held until almost immediately before his appointment). [50] Until 2001, Governors-General did not pay income tax on their salary; this was changed after Elizabeth II agreed to pay tax.[49]. Some, however, have been notable in their own right, such as Dame Alexandra Hasluck, Lady Casey and Michael Bryce. "Charles is our Head of State, and he will be welcomed here as would other members of the Royal Family at any time," the Prime Minister said. Today, the law ensures the salary is higher than that for the Chief Justice of the High Court, over a five-year period. Of the eleven Australians appointed governor-general since 1965, Lord Casey, Sir Paul Hasluck and Bill Hayden were former federal parliamentarians; Sir John Kerr was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales; Sir Ninian Stephen and Sir William Deane were appointed from the bench of the High Court; Sir Zelman Cowen was a vice-chancellor of the University of Queensland and constitutional lawyer; Peter Hollingworth was the Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane; and Major-General Michael Jeffery was a retired military officer and former Governor of Western Australia. There are 736 awards in the General Division of the Order of Australia, with 48 per cent for women and 45 per cent for service to local communities. Scullin was partially influenced by the precedent set by the Government of the Irish Free State, which always insisted upon having an Irishman as the governor-general of the Irish Free State. Slim was to see no change of prime minister over his term of nearly seven years. After receiving their commission, the new governor-general takes an Oath of Allegiance to the monarch and an Oath of Office. Both of these appointments had been agreed to despite British government objections. Australian Honours and Awards | Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia Australian Honours and Awards View the Australia Day 2023 Honours List Overview The Australian Honours and Awards system recognises the outstanding service and contributions of Australians. He spent much of his retirement in Europe but returned to Australia several times in the 1980s . The provisions to select the administrator of the government . When the late Queen Elizabeth II was in Australia, the Queen's Personal Australian Flag was flown on the car in which she was travelling. The Governor-General acts on the advice of Ministers who are responsible to Parliament (and ultimately, through elections, the Australian people). The Governor-General is appointed by the King on the advice of the Prime Minister and performs a large number of functions which are defined by the Constitution. [10] Since then, all but one of the governors-general have been Australian-born; the exception, Sir Ninian Stephen, arrived in Australia as a teenager. Follow. Some early governors-general were appointed to terms of just one year (Lord Tennyson) or two years (Lord Forster; later extended). YARRALUMLA ACT 2600, Tel: (02) 6283 3533E-mail the Governor-General or Government House. [27], The monarch chose not to intervene during the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, in which Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed the Labor government of Gough Whitlam, on the basis that such a decision is a matter "clearly placed within the jurisdiction of the Governor-General". However, Scullin stood firm, saying he would be prepared to fight a general election on the issue of whether an Australian should be prevented from becoming governor-general because he was Australian. 25. The current Governor-General is David Hurley . On Thursday 2 March 2023, His Excellency General the Honourable David Hurley AC DSC (Retd) p. resided at a meeting of the Federal Executive Council. The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, The Office of the Official Secretary to the Governor-General. Leading Australias response, celebration and acknowledgement at commemorative events. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The first four governors-general were peers; Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson (appointed 1914) was the first commoner to hold the position, although he was also later elevated to the peerage. Hosting visiting Heads of State and other prominent visitors to Australia, Receivingthe credentials of newly appointed Ambassadors and High Commissioners to Australia, Through Federal Executive Council, appointing the Chief of Defence Force and Service Chiefs, Commissioning officers in the Navy, Army and Air Force, Presenting Colours, Banners and other Honours to military units and personnel, Visiting military units to acknowledge the service of service personnel. ", To join the conversation, please The Parliamentary Education Office (PEO) educates Australians about, and inspires their enthusiasm for, Australias parliamentary democracy. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Residence of Governor General Sydney Australia Unused Private Postcard H17 at the best online prices at eBay! Statement by the Prime Minister to the House of Representatives, Parliamentary Debates, Vol. The monarch, acting upon advice of the British Government, could also disallow any Australian legislation up to a year after the governor-general had given it the assent;[58] although this power has never been used. [citation needed] Events surrounding the dismissal remain extremely controversial. He stated that the governor-general was more than a representative of the sovereign, explaining: "under section 2 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the Queen's representative and exercises certain royal prerogative powers and functions; under section 61 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the holder of a quite separate and independent office created, not by the Crown, but by the Constitution, and empowered to exercise, in his own right as Governor-General all the powers and functions of Australia's head of state."[21]. These duties include: There are 2 official residences that can be used by the Governor-General and their family: The first Governor-General was the Right Honourable John Adrian Louis Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun, who served from 1901 to 1903. [20], Australian Solicitor-General Maurice Byers stated in 1974: "The constitutional prescription is that executive power is exercisable by the governor-general although vested in the Queen. In our opinion it is an essential consequence of the equality of status existing among the members of the British Commonwealth of Nations that the Governor-General of a Dominion is the representative of the Crown, holding in all essential respects the same position in relation to the administration of public affairs in the Dominion as is held by His Majesty the King in Great Britain, and that he is not the representative or agent of His Majesty's Government in Great Britain or of any Department of that Government. [28] The monarch was consulted on the decision into the 1930s. Theyre almost always humble to a fault but I urge recipients, for today, to put aside that humility - its important they know how much they are valued.. The coronation will take place at Westminster Abbey in London on May 6, led by the Archbishop of Canterbury and featuring "longstanding traditions and pageantry". The Constitution of Australia, section 2, provides: A Governor-General appointed by the Queen shall be Her Majesty's representative in the Commonwealth, and shall have and may exercise in the Commonwealth during the Queen's pleasure, but subject to this Constitution, such powers and functions of the Queen as Her Majesty may be pleased to assign to him. By convention, the prime minister is appointed to this council and advises as to which parliamentarians shall become ministers and parliamentary secretaries. On 24 June 2010 the 25th and first female governor-general of Australia, Her Excellency Ms Quentin Bryce AC, swore in the 27th and first female prime minister, Ms Julia Gillard. She was the first woman to be the Governor-General. The Governor-General of Australia is a powerful person in the country. They do this to celebrate the best of Australia and recognise the everyday Australians who, without fuss or fanfare, contribute to the lives of others and make Australia such a compassionate, harmonious and peaceful place. Please note that all correspondence isprocessed by the Office before coming to the attention of the Governor-General. 87 following. The most notable use of the reserve powers occurred in November 1975, in the course of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. Everything you need to know about the role, function, structure and people of the Australian Parliament. The following year, as Ronald Munro Ferguson's term was about to expire, Hughes cabled the Colonial Office and asked that the appointment be made in accordance with the memorandum. - hear from some recipients. Holt believed that this was an improper use of his authority, but no further action was taken.[17]. However, it remained unclear just whose prerogative it now became to decide who new governors-general would be. The Biosecurity Act 2015 specifies that the governor-general may declare such an emergency exists if the health minister (Greg Hunt at the time) is satisfied that "a listed human disease is posing a severe and immediate threat, or is causing harm, to human health on a nationally significant scale". An "administrator of the government" in Canada is a constitutional practice where an individual is empowered to perform the functions of the office of the governor general if the governor general is incapable of rendering their constitutional duties, or if the position of Governor General is vacant following a resignation or death. The Governor-General of Australia is His Majesty The King's representative . General David Hurley was a retired Chief of Defence Force and former Governor of New South Wales. The salutation for a letter addressed to the Governor-General and Mrs Hurley should be "Your Excellencies". The 736 recipients of awards in the General Division of the Order of Australia include: The 217 recipients of Meritorious Awards include recipients of the Public Service Medal, the Australian Police Medal, Australian Fire Service Medal, Emergency Services Medal, the Australian Corrections Medal and the Australian Intelligence Medal. The public role adopted by Sir John Kerr was curtailed considerably after the constitutional crisis of 1975; Sir William Deane's public statements on political issues produced some hostility towards him; and some charities disassociated themselves from Peter Hollingworth after the issue of his management of sex abuse cases during his time as Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane became a matter of controversy. "[21], As early as 1901, the authoritative commentary by Quick and Garran had noted that the governor-general of Australia was distinguished from other Empire governors-general by the fact that "[t]he principal and most important of his powers and functions, legislative as well as executive, are expressly conferred on him by the terms of the Constitution itself not by Royal authority, but by statutory authority". Then, the Governor-General, as Chancellor of the Order of Australia and Her Excellency Mrs Linda Hurley, invested Air Marshal Kevin Short AO, Chief of the New Zealand Defence Force. The Governor-General is the Chancellor of the Order of Australia and each year approves awards to recognise the service and contribution of outstanding Australians through the Australian Honours and AwardsSystem. At the end of this initial term, a commission may be extended for a short time, usually to avoid conflict with an election or during political difficulties.[6]. James Scullin (1930) became the first prime minister of Australia to exercise complete discretion in the appointment; his nomination of Sir Isaac Isaacs made Australia the first Dominion to have a native-born governor-general. connection to land, culture and community. From Federation in 1901 until 1965, 11 out of the 15 governors-general were British aristocrats; they included six barons, two viscounts, two earls, and one royal duke. [6] Since 1 July 2019, the governor-general has been General David Hurley.[8][9]. The constitution also provides that the salary of the governor-general cannot be "altered" during his or her term of office. This was confirmed by the prime minister while talking to reporters on . The governor-general is supported by a staff (of 80 in 2018[7]) headed by the official secretary to the governor-general of Australia. Quentin Bryce's appointment was announced during her term as Governor of Queensland; she had previously been the Federal Sex Discrimination Commissioner. [18], Such further powers are currently set out in letters patent of 2008 from Queen Elizabeth II; these contain no substantive powers, but provide for the case of a governor-general's absence or incapacity. Kerr determined that he had both the right and the duty to dismiss the government and commission a new government that would recommend a dissolution of the Parliament. The first Governor-General, the Earl of Hopetoun, was a previous governor of Victoria. The Governor-General of Australiais addressed as His/Her Excellencydenoting his/her rank the vice-royal representative of the monarchto a Commonwealth nation. The salutation for a letter should be "Your Excellency" or "Dear Mrs Hurley ". Term of Office. Each year the Governor-General hosts or attends hundreds ofevents around the country and meet tens of thousands of Australians. I am committed as Governor-General to support these people in their work. Dame Quentin Bryce (20082014) was the first woman to be appointed to the office.
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