3. Again and again He had warned His people that captivity would be the result of disobedience (see Deuteronomy 4:9; 8:9; 28:1, 2, 14, 18; Jeremiah 18:7-10; 26:2-16; Zechariah 6:15; etc.). In spite of Israels ultimate failure, a limited knowledge of the true God and of the Messianic hope was widespread when the Saviour was born (see on Matthew 2:1). He had told them that He would progressively diminish their strength and honor as a nation until they should all be carried away into captivity (Deuteronomy 28:15-68; 2 Chronicles 36:16, 17). Having declined, thus, to surrender themselves to God as His agents for the salvation of the human race, the Jews, as a nation, became agents of Satan for the destruction of the race. He would have come, He would have died, and would have risen again. The prophet Jonah was a Galilean from Gath-hepher. WebThese chapters in Ezekiel are similar to those in Isaiah and Jeremiah where prophetic burdens are pronounced on certain foreign nations (see Isaiah 1323; Jeremiah 4651). Nehemiah 12:12, 16). Many years later, in writing to the strangers, or Gentiles (1 Peter 1:1: see on Exodus 12:19, 43), as the elect of God (1 Peter 1:2), Peter refers to them as the chosen ones of God, a holy nation, a peculiar people (chapter 2:9), formerly not a people, but now the people of God (verse 10). They were to be far in advance of other nations in wisdom and understanding. God did not forsake His people, even during the Captivity. This leaves Ezekiel with a ministry of at least 22 years, from 593/92 to 571/70. Superior craftsmanship. But when the Jews rejected Christ there was no such assurance of reinstatement. In general, Old Testament promises and predictions were addressed to literal Israel and were to have been fulfilled to them, conditional on obedience. Ezekiel 38:16, 18-23; 39:1-7). Nick Baumgardner, a senior writer from the same publication, predicts Notre Dames all-time sack leader will fall to the early third round in his latest mock draft.. Daniel Jeremiah, a draft analyst for the NFL Network, concurs. But it is only against the background of the original historical context of the message that its meaning and value for us can be established with certainty. A date, possibly about 630 B.C., but before the Chaldeans had become a power of some importance, would seem most appropriate for the period of Habakkuks prophetic activity. Baruch, son of Neriah. In these tragic events the words of Moses met their final and complete fulfillment: As the Lord rejoiced over you to do you good, and to multiply you; so the Lord will rejoice over you to destroy you, and to bring you to nought; and ye shall be plucked from off the land whither thou goes to possess it. Isaiahs whole ministry from Uzziah to Manasseh must therefore have lasted more than half a century. They interpreted prophecy in accordance with their selfish desires, because their ambitious hopes were fixed on worldly greatness. He saw the destruction of Jerusalem and of the Beth Hamikdosh, after his warnings and prophecies fell on deaf ears. But to go beyond that which is clearly set forth by Inspirationin the immediate context of the passage concerned, in the New Testament, or in the Spirit of prophecyis to substitute personal opinion for a plain Thus saith the Lord. Where Inspiration has not thus clearly spoken it is our privilege to compare scripture with scripture in an endeavor to understand more perfectly the mind of the Spirit. WebBut the words of Isaiah live with the Jewish people to this day as fresh and as relevant as ever. In this case, he was an octogenarian. You may not distribute or commercially use the content on any other website or other form of electronic retrieval system. Sinai God entered into covenant relation with Israel as a nation (Exodus 19:1-8; 24:3-8; Deuteronomy 7:6-14) upon the same basic conditions and with the same ultimate objectives as the Abrahamic covenant. or during the early years of his reign. Daniel was taken to Babylon in 605 B.C., during the accession year of Nebuchadnezzar (see on chapter 1:1). Even during the Captivity, and later under foreign tutelage, Israel remained a theocracy in theory if not fully in practice. This fact is recognized by the various New Testament writers, who quoted Isaiah more than 90 times. Only when its leaders formally rejected the Messiah and declared before Pilate their allegiance to no king but Caesar (John 19:15) did Israel as a nation irrevocably withdraw from the covenant relationship and the theocracy. 4:14; Colossians 2:2-4, 8; 2 Peter 1:16; Revelation 22:18). He went to Bethel, a sanctuary city of the northern kingdom, to deliver prophecies of warning, reproof, and doom to Israel. 1:1, 6:1 - 8). 2. Henceforth, he says, there is no difference between Jew and Greek (chapter 10:12, 13). WebIn Judea: prophecy of Zephaniah, Jeremiah, Obadiah, and Habakkuk In Babylon: prophecy of Ezekiel. chapter 9:7; Isaiah 66:23). Acts 13:22). Also, Jeremiah (chapter 26:18), quoting Micah (chapter 3:12), testifies that Micah ministered during Hezekiahs time. He was sawed in half, Menessah killed him. The establishment of the Hebrew monarchy did not affect the basic principles of the theocracy (Deuteronomy 17:14-20; 1 Samuel 8:7). WebIsaiah's time, Babylonian exile, and return to exile 21 Q Where did Jeremiah live when he was called to be a prophet? This fact weakens the arguments for such a late date. Send them from My presence, and let them go. The vision concerning Judah and Jerusalem that Isaiah son of Amoz saw during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah, kings He says specifically that by Jew he does not mean a literal Jew but one converted at heart, whether he be Jew or Gentile (chapter 2:28, 29). Finally, it was demonstrated before the universe that, apart from God, humanity could not be uplifted, and that a new element of life and power must be imparted by Him who made the world. It is thought, furthermore, that his ministry fell in the years when the high priest Jehoiada acted as regent for the child king Joash (2 Kings 11:17 to 12:2), which fact would explain why the king is not mentioned anywhere in the book, while at the same time the Temple service flourished. The consecutive order of the book of Haggai would indicate that his whole recorded ministry lasted not longer than 31/2 months, beginning (chapter 1:1) on August 29, 520 B.C., and extending, in his last two recorded speeches (chapter 2:10, 20), to December 18, 520. The chart allows both ideas, indicating his possible ministry during the two decades preceding 560 B.C. Isaiah was best known as the Hebrew prophet who predicted the coming of Jesus Christ to salvage mankind from sin. Literal Jews may still find salvation by being grafted into spiritual Israel, in precisely the same way that Gentiles are to be grafted in (verses 23, 24). Several of the prophets messages are dated exactly, and the last of these dated prophetic messages was received in the 27th year of Ezekiels captivity (chapter 29:17), 571/70. According to this view, Jeremiah said, in effect, that Jerusalem would be deserted for about 70 years, about the length of a persons life. Yet in mercy, God still bore with His people, and in due time Messiah came (Malachi 3:1-3). Isaiah and Jeremiahs preaching against false idols and false prophets, mutual oppressions between nations, and against general injustice remains timely. However, these messages pertaining to the then-distant future were intended, not only to inspire patience, comfort, and hope in the day they were first given, but also to provide men of Christs day with confirming evidence of His Messiahship. Along with his contemporary, the prophet Micah, Isaiah served the southern kingdom of Judah under the reigns of four kings. Uzziah was sole king over Judah from 767 to 750, and Jeroboam over Israel from 782 to 753. Some believe that the prophet refers to the conquest of Jerusalem at the time of King Jehoram (2 Kings 8:20-22; 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, 17) in the 9th century; others believe that the prophet is speaking of Jerusalems destruction by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 B.C. Owing to the failure of the Jews as Gods chosen people, many of the prophecies of the Old Testament, such as those affirming the worldwide mission of Israel and the ingathering of the Gentiles (see Genesis 12:3; Deuteronomy 4:6-8; Isaiah 2:2-5; 42:6; 49:6; 52:10; 56:6, 7; 60:1-3; 61:9; 62:2; Zechariah 2:11; 8:22, 23; etc. The covenant with literal Israel proved faulty, not because God failed to carry out His part of the covenant, but rather because Israels fair promises proved evanescent as the morning dew (Hosea 6:4; 13:3; Hebrews 8:6, 7). The accompanying chart enables the reader to study these prophets in their historical setting. Both of these extreme methods wrest the obvious intent of the Scriptures and render a sound understanding of the messages of the prophets for the church today unattainable. The promises and threatenings of God are alike conditional. Prophecies that fall into the latter classification are to be fulfilled in principle but not necessarily in every detail, owing to the fact that many details of prophecy were concerned with Israel as a literal nation situated in the land of Palestine. 3. Salvation was to be of the Jews, in that the Messiah would be a Jew (John 4:22), and by the Jews, as messengers of salvation to all men (Genesis 12:2, 3; 22:18; Isaiah 42:1, 6; 43:10; Galatians 3:8, 16, 18). The prophet was a citizen of Judah, but delivered messages to the kingdom of Israel as well. Paul emphasizes the fact that the rejection of literal Israel as Gods chosen instrument for the salvation of the world does not mean that individual Jews can no longer be saved (chapters 9:6; 11:1, 2, 11, 15), for he is a Jew himself (chapters 9:3; 10:1; 11:1, 2). Having begun his ministry in the time of Uzziah, king of Judah, and Jeroboam II, king of Israel (chapter 1:1), Hosea continued until the time of Hezekiah, king of Judah (chapter 1:1). the ideal selection is option C. Learn more about the Book of Micah here: Jeremiah (Yirmiyahu) It was Jeremiahs lot in life to be known throughout the ages as the prophet of doom, for he was G-ds main spokesman in the generation of the destruction of Jerusalems first Temple. Hearing of all the advantages with which the God of Israel had blessed His people and all the prosperity He had procured for them (Jeremiah 33:9), the pagan nations would admit that their own fathers had inherited lies (chapter 16:19). Jeremiah lived afterwards during a time leading up to the carrying away of the southern two tribes of Judah into bondage in Babylon. Prophecies that Inspiration clearly applies to our day were designed of God to inspire us with patience, comfort, and the hope that all things foretold by these holy men of old will soon meet their final and complete fulfillment. In their meticulous attention to the letter of the law they lost sight of its spirit. Higher than the highest human thought can reach is Gods ideal for His children. In so doing we shall be secure against the fanciful explanations sometimes given certain Old Testament prophecies. Daniel himself so understood these promises (Daniel 9:1-8). Spiritual Israel includes both Jews and Gentiles (verse 24). Gedaliah is made governor over the small group of Jews that remain in Jerusalem. The glorious era of David and Solomon marked what might have been the beginning of Israels golden age). Isaiah 54:7; Ezekiel 36:11; 43:10, 11; Micah 6:8; Zechariah 10:6). But he will listen also for the further import the prophets words may have for later times, particularly, our time. The prophets thus provided a firm foundation for the faith of the apostolic church and made a direct and vital contribution to the Christian faith. To pray by faith for God to fulfill His promises, we must be obedient to Gods difficult commands. But Judah failed to learn the lesson, and a little more than a century later her apostasy, also, was complete (see Jeremiah 22:6, 8, 9; Ezekiel 16:37; 7:2-15; 12:3-28; 36:18-23). Though, on the whole, literal Israel failed to realize her exalted destiny, the chosen race did make a worth-while, though imperfect, contribution to the preparation of the world for the first advent of the Messiah (see on Matthew 2:1). WebLast time you checked the cover of your family Bible, it probably didnt say The Bible, by God. since nearly all are named and credit given to a specific writer: the book of Isaiah to Isaiah, the books of Jeremiah and Lamentations to Jeremiah, the book of Ezekiel to Ezekiel, and so on. Mark 7:9). 22 quart mirro pressure canner There is no god but He. There are 12 minor prophets: the last 12 books in the Old Testament. One royal visitor to Jerusalem exclaimed, The half was not told me! (1 Kings 10:1-9). These are followed by chapters 7, 8, 9, 10. Obadiahs prophecy, directed against Edom, presupposes that a looting of Jerusalem and a carrying away of many Jews into captivity had recently taken place. He dies while in Egypt. Jer 2 - 6 2, 3 God sends Jeremiah to Jerusalem to give a series of messages to the people of Judah. Through Israel of old, God planned to provide the nations of earth with a living revelation of His own holy character and an exhibit of the glorious heights to which man can attain by cooperating with His infinite purposes. Between the first invasion of Nebuchadnezzar in 605 B.C. Returning to their homelands, the Gentile ambassadors would counsel their fellow countrymen, Let us go speedily to pray before the Lord, and to seek the Lord (Zechariah 8:21, 22; cf. None of Judahs last four kings trusted in the Lord, so Jeremiahs ministry was rejected by all of them. WebAnd Isaiah did so, walking around naked and barefoot. WebIn Isaiah, we read about God's unbroken relationship with His people both the promise and its fulfillment in an ongoing pattern that's visible throughout history. In which century B.C. This form literally means that the stretching of the heavens was completed or finished some time ago. 34:23) 622 Jeremiah 11 and 12 are given. Four verses, Isaiah 45:12; 48:13; and Jeremiah 10:12; 51:15 use the Qal perfect form. All who have faith in Christ are one in Him, and, as a the spiritual seed of Abraham, are heirs according to the promise (Galatians 3:9, 28, 29). 6465). Not only is Malachi last in the sequential order of the prophets; it is also the last prophetic book produced in pre-Christian times. Thus, for more than 1,500 years, a great experiment designed to test the relative merits of good and evil was conducted before the world. 1-39 40-55 56-66. In Him I have placed my trust, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne. (Q. ), those pointing forward to the eternal rest in Canaan (Isaiah 11:6-9; 35; 65:17-25; 66:20-23; Jeremiah 17:25; Ezekiel 37; 40-48; Zechariah 2:6-12; 14:4-11), and those promising deliverance from her enemies (Isaiah 2:10-21; 24-26; Ezekiel 38; 39; Joel 3; Zephaniah 1; 2; Zechariah 9:9-17; 10-14; etc. If Jeremiah had been writing a novel, he would have been the hero of his own story. ), through the reigns of Jotham and Ahaz, to the end of King Hezekiah's rule in 686 (Isa. They rejected the Light of the world, and henceforth their lives were surrounded with darkness as the darkness of midnight. Church tradition suggests that Jeremiah was stoned to death in Egypt by the Jews. However, it is possible that some of his undated prophecies were given at a later time. Our study of messages originally proclaimed by holy men of old to the people of their day is not to become an end in itself, but a means of discovering the will of God for all who would render Him truehearted service now, at the climax of the ages. The completeness and finality of this rejection is evident from chapter 8:19, 20: As the nations which the Lord destroyeth before your face, so shall ye perish; because ye would not be obedient unto the voice of the Lord your God. The rejection of Jesus by the leaders of Israel (cf. A Jewish legend claims that he was stoned to death by his people. Amos presents himself to his readers as a herdsman and a gatherer of sycomore fruit (chapters 1:1; 7:14). Many messages and prophecies can be understood correctly only if seen against the background of the time in which the prophets ministered and in the light of the events that happened during their lives. As the nations of antiquity should behold Israels unprecedented progress, their attention and interest would be aroused. Any nation and kingdom that would not serve Israel was to perish chapter (60:12). Thus Israel was to blossom and bud, and fill the face of the world with fruit (Isaiah 27:6). The kingdom was overturned (Ezekiel 21:25-32) and the people removed from the land, which had been theirs only by virtue of the covenant relationship (Hosea 9:3, 15, Micah 2:10; cf. In view of the light they had received from God, they were even worse than the heathen, to whom they felt so much superior. They brought forth wild grapes rather than the mature fruit of a Godlike character (Isaiah 5:1-7; cf. The blessings of health. However, when we read his did Isaiah primarily live? He was therefore a somewhat younger contemporary of Isaiah, to whose vocabulary and terminology his prophecies show great similarity (Micah 4:1-4; cf. Technical know-how would render products made in Israel superior to all others. Thus it was also with Samuel, Elijah, John the Baptist (see on Matthew 3:4), John the Beloved (see on Mark 3:17), and many others. It is ever the privilege of those who witness the fulfillment of prophecy to remember and believe (John 13:19; 14:29; John 16:4). What archaeological evidence implies Isaiah was a unified book? Upon His final departure from the sacred precincts of the Temple, Jesus said, Your house is left unto you desolate (Matthew 23:38). This Upper Egyptian capital city, better known by its Greek name Thebes, was destroyed by King Ashurbanipal in 663 B.C., a date that provides the upper time limit of Nahums prophecy. answer. Before the Israelites entered the Promised Land, God warned them not to forget that the blessings they were to enjoy there if they cooperated with Him would come as divine gifts (see Deuteronomy 8:7-14), not primarily as the result of their own wisdom and skill (verses 17-19). Its messages show that it was written after the time of the kingdom of Judah, when a governor ruled over the country (chapter 1:8), a fact that points to the Persian period. Even the heathen would recognize the superiority of those who served and worshiped the living God. He states that he ministered under King Josiah (chapter 1:1), who reigned from 640 to 609 B.C. Although the Hebrew term naar, youth, or child, by which the prophet designates himself verse (6), does not give an indication of Jeremiahs exact age at the time of his call, the context of the passage in which this word appears seems to favor the interpretation that he was still very young, perhaps less than twenty. Human traditions came to be honored in place of the revealed will of God (see on Mark 7:6-9). These promises of prosperity and a successful mission were to have met fulfillment in large measure during the centuries following the return of the Israelites from the lands of their captivity. Remember that the record of Gods dealings with His people in ages past has been recorded for the benefit of all later generations to the end of time. In contrast to Isaiah and others, Jeremiah provided more detail about himself in his book than any of the other prophets. Instead of becoming light bearers to the world they absorbed its darkness and reflected that darkness instead. They would have no part in all that Christ stood for (see on Matthew 3:2, 3; Mark 3:14). The prophet Daniel later prayed for more understanding about Jeremiahs time prophecy. It was His purpose to set them on high above all nations of the earth (Deuteronomy 28:1), with the result that all people of the earth would recognize their superiority and call them blessed (Malachi 3:10, 12). But maybe it wasnt at that spot. They were to become a nation of intellectual geniuses, and feebleness of mind would eventually have been unknown among them. This article surveys the fundamental problem of the interpretation of the prophetic portions of the Old Testament in terms of their message to Israel of old and to the church today. This concept of the role of Israel is reiterated again and again throughout the Old Testament. The student of the Bible who hopes to secure from it the greatest help will first proceed to reconstruct the historical context of each passage. WebThe great prophet Jeremiah lived during one of the most critical periods in Jewish history. God placed His people in Palestine, the crossroads of the ancient world, and provided them with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the face of the earth. seem to refer to those recorded in 2 Kings 8:20-22 and 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, while nothing points to the troubles caused by Hazael, as narrated in 2 Kings 12:17, 18 and 2 Chronicles 24:23, 24, it has been concluded that Joel gave his messages during the time lying between these two events.
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