Letters of Brigham Young to His Sons Dean C. Jessee Stanford J. Layton Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Part of the Mormon Studies Commons, and the Religious Education Commons Recommended Citation Layton, Stanford J. If you happen to be named Brown or Jones or Spendlove or Lewis or Young or any name, it doesn't matter who your ancestors are. Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. Within five minutes, recalled massacre participant Dudley Leavitt, not one stone stood upon another., A few days later Young justified the massacre as a necessary act of righteous vengeance. However, church president Joseph Smith insisted that his brother William Smith be selected in place of Young. According to Bennett, Rockwell returned the day before news of the assassination attempt arrived at Nauvoo. Then rumors began to arise that the pioneers had been destroying fences, burning fields, and making threats against the Mormons, although none of the rumors were ever substantiated. The only ones spared were 17 children under the age of eight, who were taken in by local Mormon families, and would later testify they saw their parents clothes and jewels being worn by locals. Brigham Young had six sisters and four brothers. Western Pride Enterprise. After a standoff of several days, the Mormons called a truce, only to massacre most of the wagon train party, including some 120 men, women and children. Sept. 11 was a tragic date in American history long before the terrorist attacks of 2001. Because of this and the expulsion from Missouri, the Mormons at the time felt very strong prejudice against people from those two states. March 28, 1884: Or was it March 8? Why did he do nothing to return the stolen property of the 17 surviving orphans? 52 or thereabouts. What type of electrical charge does a proton have? Why Lee was selected as scapegoat remains unclear. Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. (She also established from the most impeccable Mormon sources that Brigham Young had obstructed a murder investigation for 18 years, which made him guilty of felony murder.). "In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements," he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, "We must not interfere with them." What is are the functions of diverse organisms? Kauna unahang parabula na inilimbag sa bhutan? The massacre lasted less than five minutes, but when it was. When Mormons were living in Daviess County, Missouri, he delivered a fiery oration on Independence Day of 1838 in which he promised that the Missourians who Mormons felt were persecuting them (the sentiments had some justification although Mormons did their fair share of antagonizing as well) would need to stop any disputes with the Mormons or face a war of extermination. The non-Mormons who were present at Rigdons sermon were rightfully alarmed. According to the record, Alma the Younger was "a very wicked and an idolatrous man. For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. . According to her, they would try to leave Utah then turn up murdered (supposedly by Native Americans) along the way. Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. In an address he gave at General Conference (a semi-annual meeting of the Latter-day Saints), he announced, Shall I tell you the law of God in regard to the African race? The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings with them. Tragically, Youngs letter arrived two days after the massacre, despite one of the epic rides in Western history. Over the next few decades, as thousands of Mormons arrived in Salt Lake City, the charismatic Young styled himself after the great prophets and leaders of ancient Israel, earning nicknames like Lion of the Lord and American Moses.. They primarily belong to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, or LDS, which is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, and has more than 16 read more, When Brigham Young and his band of Mormon settlers marched into Utah in 1847, they saw a vast expanse of land they envisioned as a sanctuary. Witnesses later testified about Haslams dramatic arrival in Salt Lake City, the writing of the letter and its dispatch South. [5], Young was married to Lucy, the half-sister of Oliver Cowdery. Hiding Rockwells role in expressing Eleanor to Utah from my late friend Hal was evidence that had been carefully suppressed. Church descriptions of the massacre typically begin by pointing out that it took place as the United States was sending a small army to impose the Federal will on Utah Territory. The latter is filed in sequential order in Youngs well-preserved and bound letter books. When I reflect on how I found the gospel, I realize that my familys experiences informed two important pieces of my testimony. Utah became the 45th member of the union on Jan. 4, 1896, with Salt read more, In 1844, reeling from the murder of their founder and prophet, Joseph Smith, and facing continued mob violence in their settlement in Illinois, thousands of Latter Day Saints (better known as Mormons) threw their support behind a new leader, Brigham Young. At Four Corners, in the southeast, Utah meets Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona at right angles, the only such meeting of states in the country. When the United States claimed sovereignty over the area in 1848, Mormons petitioned Congress for recognition, and in 1850 the United States organized Utah Territory. Young unambiguously condoned the attack afterwards. Copies of Youngs letter exist both in rough draft and final draft form. Brigham Young University was named in his honor. In this company, Young served as a captain of ten.[8]. On September 4, Mormon stake president and major in the Nauvoo Legion Isaac Haight ordered Legion member John D. Lee to lead an attack on the company. Further, Joseph H. Jackson, a new arrival to Nauvoo who had a shady past, later claimed in his memoirs that Joseph Smith offered him $3,000 to free Rockwell from prison and shoot Boggs. Here's the account in his own words: Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. He is called the "American Moses" because of his leadership of the "Mormon Exodus" to the western territories. His translation retells some Biblical stories as well as adding to the lore of the father of Judaism and Islam, and the translation was eventually canonized as scripture. Brigham Young was the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, from 1847 until his death in 1877. While it started with a small group of adherents, many historians regard read more, The political and religious leader Roger Williams (c. 1603?-1683) is best known for founding the state of Rhode Island and advocating separation of church and state in Colonial America. The victims bodies were stripped naked and left to rot in the open air. Brigham Young ( / brm /; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the Western United States. She demanded Mormon authorities listen to the cry of his blood and take swift vengeance against the Fancher train, which had left Arkansas long before Pratt was killed. No other group of people [comes] close.. A wagon train of around 120 emigrants, mostly families from Arkansas, was bound for California. On August 29, 1877, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City at the age of 76. Numerous records, including journal entries from those who experienced the attack and affidavits sworn against the Mormon mob, included allegations that the Mormon mob forced pregnant women and children out into the cold, stole livestock, and took prisoners for interrogation. PBS: American Experience. She has been placed on indefinite suspension for her actions, which include punching another . It turns out that she was actually wife No. So do some authors whove written about the Mountain Meadows Massacre. Niggas Sooooo Good 06. According to Mormon doctrines, prophets speak to God and communicate God's will to Mormons. Brigham Young had no tolerance for Mormons who began to doubt the faith. not to spare horseflesh. He didnt. Johnson earned his freedom and owned a 250-acre farm, and his son . Despite the clean-cut image of family-oriented conservatives that the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (commonly known as the Mormon Church) presents to the world, it too has moments of darkness in its past. He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. That question stumped me for years, and like many other Mormon mysteries the clues have been carefully purged from the records of Utahs past. Read a news summary of this talk. There is a logic to this. Seventeen children who were too young to remember the attack were spared. Ted's son and Rupert were more prominently involved in Season 1 but weren't seen much the following season. Such a day-by-day approach yields new understanding. Experience in wood framing, excavation, roofing, painting, concrete, etc. Conditions Governing Access Open for public research. Catholicism has the Inquisition and the Crusades. A US hospital has rejected a patient for a heart transplant at least in part because he is not vaccinated against Covid-19. In early 1846, Young and an advance group began an arduous journey some 1,300 miles across the plains and over the Rocky Mountains. Young was born in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, the seventh child of John Young and Abigail Howe. Prosecutors in New York City are investigating an incident in which a jazz musician said his 14-year-old son was attacked by a woman who falsely accused him of taking her iPhone. Phineas Young was among the first Mormon pioneer company to reach the Salt Lake Valley in July 1847. This video is private Watch on My dear brothers and sisters, Wendy and I have looked forward to being with you today. Speaking of lineage, I should like to explain to you that whatever your great-grandparents or forebears did cannot be grafted into your own life. Join the celebration! During Wyatt Earps later years, while he was living in Hollywood, were there any silent films or voice recordings made of him. . Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. Of course, anti-Young historians say otherwise. Published Aug. 16, 2021 Updated Aug. 17, 2021 At Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, beards have been banned on campus since the rise of the counterculture movement, when they were thought. Are there books about other independent women of the early West? After Cowdery was excommunicated from the church in 1838, Young wrote him several letters pleading with him to come back into the church. The little boy and his sister were at a friend's house in Wyoming earlier this month when a 1 . Young considered all of the United States culpable for the death of Joseph Smith, and added an oath of vengeance to the Mormon temple endowment: You and each of you do covenant and promise that you will pray and never cease to pray to Almighty God to avenge the blood of the prophets upon this nation, and that you will teach the same to your children and to your childrens children unto the third and fourth generation.. There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. It is something that has been partially experienced and thoroughly documented by many individuals around the world. Sometimes, he would send the husbands on missions in foreign countries and marry their wives while they were away and unable to object. Sharon Smith & Mike Leach Were Friends at Brigham Young University; Mike Used to Visit Her Apartment to Watch Television Sharon Smith and Mike Leach both attended Brigham Young University. As she goes back in memory to the old home, she revives the scenes and varied events . He married -- was sealed to, in Mormon parlance -- young (Clarissa Decker, 15) and old (Hannah Tapfield King, 65). Fortunately, they are well documentedmany even by official Mormon publications. By the summer of 1877, Youngs health was in decline, but he continued to play an active role in the Mormon church up until the end. A later biography of Ann Eliza Young termed her The Twenty-Seventh Wife. Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. The winners of the Church History Museums 12th International Art Competition have been announced, and the artwork is breathtaking. 19. Then, his relationship with Joseph Smith (depicted above in a statue at the Temple Squares North Visitors Center) suffered due to a number of factors that strained the friendship including when Smith tried to marry Rigdons daughter (while Smith was already married) and his refusal to support polygamy. The Anglican Church began its existence with a purging of Catholics. Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. What ever happened to Big Minnie of Tombstone? Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. It is alarming to see how intensely and openly the family is under attack in contemporary society. Young won the leadership and Strang was considered a heretic and excommunicated from the Mormon Church. While it's clear that the Lord's prophets have often been preserved to perform sacred works, it is also clear that these near-death experiences provided Brigham Young with unparalleled insight into the nature of the spirit world. Cold Milk 07. On Sept. 11, 1857, a Mormon militia in southern Utah . Some Mormons say that some of the scrolls must still be missing, but Smith included facsimiles of the scrolls in his translation and they are clearly misinterpreted, with female figures listed as male, canopic jars indicated to be idolatrous gods, and the Egyptian fertility god, Min (depicted in a painted relief above), labeled God, sitting on his throne. The image of Min in the facsimile included in Mormon scriptures is sporting a comically exaggerated erection. The council sought to create a Mormon-Indian alliance, and to make such an arrangement attractive to the Indians, Young allegedly told them that he would no longer stop them from stealing emigrant cattle on the California Trail. You must not meddle with them. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. Apostle Heber Kimball went even further. According to a BYU Scholars article, His speaking talent, organizational and leadership ability, and political sagacity were given untiringly to the service of his church. George A. Smith died in 1875 at age 58. . Some of his brides were as young as 14, and he even married women who already had living husbands. Two years later, Young read more, Born in Eisleben, Germany, in 1483, Martin Luther went on to become one of Western historys most significant figures. What are the answers to studies weekly week 26 social studies? The two main contenders were James Jesse Strang and Brigham Young. Congress officially made polygamy illegal, killed by the estranged husband of one of Pratts polygamous wives. . The emigrants fell back to a defensive position, and the ambush became a siege. The family of a Boston man is speaking out after they say their 31-year-old son was struck from a waitlist for a heart transplant because he was not vaccinated against COVID-19. What are the 4 major sources of law in Zimbabwe? Ann Eliza Webb, after she decided to divorce Young in 1873, published an expos entitled Wife No. Historian D. Michael Quinn succinctly describes Youngs actions shortly after the massacre: Apostle Wilford Woodruff, the official church historian, recorded that when Young first visited the mass burial site, he said that the memorial plaque should read: Vengeance is mine and I have taken a little.. Also in 1854, President Franklin Pierce attempted to replace Young as territory governor, but nominee Edward Steptoe declined, explaining that he could not perform his duties in the face of fanaticism in the mass of the people and a religious oligarchy., By 1857, with Youngs approval, the territorial assembly sent a blunt warning to incoming U.S. president James Buchanan. Why did he shield the murderers and allow the churchs newspaper to blame the crime on the Paiutes for a dozen years after Jacob Hamblin told him Mormons were involved? Mormons believe that Joseph Smith had a vision in 1820 in which he saw God and Jesus (first vision depicted in a sculpture above). How do you put shoes on a cloven-footed ox? Not circumstantial evidence. By doing so, we may get a better understanding of Rupert, who . But history is not assumption. The winners of the Church History Museums 12th International Art Competition have been announced, and the artwork is breathtaking. Why do people say that forever is not altogether real in love and relationship. After this attack, Smiths successor, Brigham Young, led the Mormons West. Even though Young blessed it as a place to begin anew,his fears of continued religious persecution may have caused him to order a massacre. Traditions abound for alums returning to campus and for students during Homecoming week, October 15-19, 2019.
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