And we're all going to have feelings like that. al, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2004. How else would you do it? UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #7: (Speaking foreign language). These relationships can help you feel cared for and connected. Each language comprises the ideas that have been worked out in a culture over thousands of generations, and that is an incredible amount of cultural heritage and complexity of thought that disappears whenever a language dies. Cholera and malnourishment await Somalis fleeing . Transcript 585: In Defense of Ignorance Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard. If you grew up speaking a language other than English, you probably reach for words in your native tongue without even thinking about it. What a cynical thing to say, but that doesn't mean that it might not be true. VEDANTAM: Many of us have dictionaries at home or at work, John. And they asked me all kinds of questions about them. And it's not just about how we think about time. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer, experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a. feeling or an experience. I saw this bird's-eye view, and I was this little red dot. And if the word bridge is masculine in your language, you're more likely to say that bridges are strong and long and towering - these kind of more stereotypically masculine words. "Most of the laughter we produce is purely . Hidden Brain - Transcripts Hidden Brain - Transcripts Subscribe 435 episodes Share Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Of course that's how you BORODITSKY: And so what was remarkable for me was that my brain figured out a really good solution to the problem after a week of trying, right? ), Handbook of Closeness and Intimacy, 2004. Psychologist Ken Sheldon studies the science of figuring out what you want. But it's so hard to feel that partly because our brains are on writing, as I say in the book. out. UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #1: (Speaking foreign language). But if you prefer life - the unpredictability of life - then living language in many ways are much more fun. He didn't like that people were shortening the words. Those sorts things tend to start with women. So that, again, is a huge difference. And you suddenly get a craving for potato chips, and you realize that you have none in the kitchen, and there's nothing else you really want to eat. VEDANTAM: I understand that there's also been studies looking at how artists who speak different languages might paint differently depending on how their languages categorize, you know, concepts like a mountain or death. VEDANTAM: Well, that's kind of you, Lera. BORODITSKY: Yeah. VEDANTAM: You make the case that concerns over the misuse of language might actually be one of the last places where people can publicly express prejudice and class differences. So I think it's something that is quite easy for humans to learn if you just have a reason to want to do it. So new words are as likely to evolve as old ones. In this episode, we explore how long-term relationships have changed over time and whether we might be able to improve marriage by asking less of it. The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, by Karen Jehn et. What do you think the implications are - if you buy the idea that languages are a very specific and unique way of seeing the world, of perceiving reality, what are the implications of so many languages disappearing during our time? He's a defender of language on the move, but I wanted to know if there were things that irritated even him. So I just think that it's something we need to check ourselves for. VEDANTAM: (Laughter) All right, I think it might be time for me to confess one of my pet peeves. So what happens is that once literally comes to feel like it means really, people start using it in figurative constructions such as I was literally dying of thirst. So we've done a lot of studies looking at how speakers of Spanish and German and Russian actually think about objects that have opposite grammatical genders. And he started by asking Russian-speaking students to personify days of the week. JERRY SEINFELD: (As Jerry Seinfeld) The second button literally makes or breaks the shirt. But also, I started wondering, is it possible that my friend here was imagining a person without a gender for this whole time that we've been talking about them, right? The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators and The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, by Neil Rackham and John Carlisle, Journal of European Industrial Training, 1978. I'm Shankar Vedantam, and you're listening to HIDDEN BRAIN. So you might say, there's an ant on your northwest leg. You do the hokey pokey and you turn yourself around. I'm Shankar Vedantam. So to give you a very quick wrap-up is that some effects are big, but even when effects aren't big, they can be interesting or important for other reasons - either because they are very broad or because they apply to things that we think are really important in our culture. If it is the first time you login, a new account will be created automatically. Which I think is probably important with the reality that this edifice that you're teaching is constantly crumbling. So I think it's an incredible tragedy that we're losing all of this linguistic diversity, all of this cultural diversity because it is human heritage. But it is a completely crucial part of the human experience. Could this affect the way, you know, sexism, conscious or unconscious, operates in our world? BORODITSKY: The way to say my name properly in Russian is (speaking foreign language), so I don't make people say that. Trusted by 5,200 companies and developers. But if you ask bilinguals, who have learned two languages and now they know that some genders disagree across the two languages, they're much less likely to say that it's because chairs are intrinsically masculine. So for example, grammatical gender - because grammatical gender applies to all nouns in your language, that means that language is shaping the way you think about everything that can be named by a noun. But might we allow that there's probably a part of all human beings that wants to look down on somebody else. VEDANTAM: Lera now tries to understand languages spoken all over the world. MCWHORTER: No, because LOL was an expression; it was a piece of language, and so you knew that its meaning was going to change. We'd say, oh, well, we don't have magnets in our beaks or in our scales or whatever. Hidden Brain. That said, if you hear one or two pieces of music that you really love, feel free to email us at [emailprotected] and well do our best to respond to your request. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. Because were a small team, we dont have a publicly-available list of every piece of music that we use. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #4: (Speaking foreign language). And it's just too much of an effort, and you can't be bothered to do it, even though it's such a small thing. But as Bob Cialdini set out to discover the keys to influence and persuasion, he decided to follow the instincts of his childhood. People do need to be taught what the socially acceptable forms are. VEDANTAM: One of the ultimate messages I took from your work is that, you know, we can choose to have languages that are alive or languages that are dead. VEDANTAM: So I find that I'm often directionally and navigationally challenged when I'm driving around, and I often get my east-west mixed up with my left-right for reasons I have never been able to fathom. And as soon as I saw that happen, I thought, oh, this makes it so much easier. FDA blocks human trials for Neuralink brain implants. And, I mean, really, it sounds exactly like that. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #3: (Speaking foreign language). And some people would say it's a lot more because it's, you know, irrecoverable and not reduplicated elsewhere. He says there are things we can do to make sure our choices align with our deepest values. And nobody wishes that we hadn't developed our modern languages today from the ancient versions. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. Listen on the Reuters app. And, of course, you always have to wonder, well, could it be that speakers of these different languages are actually seeing different kinds of bridges? Whats going on here? Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. Accuracy and availability may vary. JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. You may also use the Hidden Brain name in invitations sent to a small group of personal contacts for such purposes as a listening club or discussion forum. But does a person who says that really deserve the kind of sneering condemnation that you often see? Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. And one thing that we've noticed is that around the world, people rely on space to organize time. And it sounds a little bit abrupt and grabby like you're going to get something instead of being given. You know, there's no left leg or right leg. You know, endings are going to tend to drop off. And we looked at every personification and allegory in Artstor and asked, does the language that you speak matter for how you paint death, depending on whether the word death is masculine or feminine in your language? You may link to our content and copy and paste episode descriptions and Additional Resources into your invitations. You're not going to do trigonometry. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. How come you aren't exactly the way you were 10 years ago? UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #1: (Speaking foreign language). All sponsorship opportunities on Hidden Brain are managed by SXM Media. Those are quirks of grammar literally in stone. BORODITSKY: It's certainly possible. Are the spoken origins of language one reason that words so often seem to be on the move? This week, we revisit a favorite episode from 2021, bringing you two stories about how easy it can be to believe in a false reality even when the facts dont back us up. Transcript - How language shapes the way we think by Lera Boroditsky.docx, The Singapore Quality Award requires organisations to show outstanding results, The following lots of Commodity Z were available for sale during the year, b The authors identify 5 types of misinformation in the abstract but discuss 7, 17 Chow N Asian value and aged care Geriatr Gerontol Int 20044521 5 18 Chow NWS, Writing Results and Discussion Example.docx, A 6 month old infant weighing 15 lb is admitted with a diagnosis of dehydration, ng_Question_-_Assessment_1_-_Proposing_Evidence-Based_Change.doc, The Social Security checks the Government sends to grandmothers are considered A, 03 If a covered member participates on the clients attest engagement or is an, AURETR143 Student Assessment - Theory v1.1.docx. If the language stayed the way it was, it would be like a pressed flower in a book or, as I say, I think it would be like some inflatable doll rather than a person. She shows how our conversational styles can cause We all know casual sex isn't about love. Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, by Harry Reis, Edward P. Lemay Jr, and Catrin Finkenauer, Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2017. One study that I love is a study that asked monolingual speakers of Italian and German and also bilingual speakers of Italian and German to give reasons for why things are the grammatical genders that they are. 00:55:27 Hidden Brain Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button And if you teach them that forks go with women, they start to think that forks are more feminine. We talk with psychologist Iris Mauss, who explains why happiness Why do some companies become household names, while others flame out? by Harry T. Reis, Annie Regan, and Sonja Lyubomirsky, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2021. Language is something that's spoken, and spoken language especially always keeps changing. I think that it's better to think of language as a parade that either you're watching, or frankly, that you're in, especially because the people are never going to stand still. And maybe the convenience store or the shop is really not that far away. Put this image on your website to promote the show -, Happiness 2.0: The Only Way Out Is Through, Report inappropriate content or request to remove this page. It seems kind of elliptical, like, would it be possible that I obtained? John is a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University. ), The Sourcebook of Listening Research: Methodology and Measures, 2018. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. BORODITSKY: Yeah. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. He's also the author of the book, "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". That hadn't started then. And you suddenly get a craving for potato chips, and you, realize that you have none in the kitchen, and there's nothing else you really want to, eat. And so he suggested it might be the case that the arbitrarily assigned grammatical genders are actually changing the way people think about these days of the week and maybe all kinds of other things that are named by nouns. GEACONE-CRUZ: And I ended up living there for 10 years. LERA BORODITSKY: The categorization that language provides to you becomes real - becomes psychologically real. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #9: (Speaking German). But she told me a story about a conversation she had with a native speaker of Indonesian. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #16: Not figuratively, it's literally MCWHORTER: Yeah. How big are the differences that we're talking about, and how big do you think the implications are for the way we see the world? But somehow they've managed, not just by randomly bumping into each other. Hidden Brain: You, But Better on Apple Podcasts 50 min You, But Better Hidden Brain Social Sciences Think about the resolutions you made this year: to quit smoking, eat better, or get more exercise. Sociologist Lisa Wade believes the pervasive hookup culture on campuses today is different from that faced by previous generations. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #1: (As character) If you're so upset about it, maybe you can think of a way to help her. VEDANTAM: For more HIDDEN BRAIN, you can find us on Facebook and Twitter. This is HIDDEN BRAIN. podcast pages. VEDANTAM: John McWhorter, thank you so much for joining me on HIDDEN BRAIN today. To request permission, please send an email to [emailprotected]. If you're just joining us, I'm talking to John McWhorter. I'm Shankar Vedantam. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. In this week's My Unsung Hero, Sarah Feldman thanks someone for their gift more than 20 years ago. The size of this effect really quite surprised me because I would have thought at the outset that, you know, artists are these iconoclasts. And so somebody will say, well, who was it who you thought was going to give you this present? All rights reserved. And they suggest that differences across languages do, in fact, predict some of these measures of gender equality across countries. But it's a lovely example of how language can guide you to discover something about the world that might take you longer to discover if you didn't have that information in language. If you take literally in what we can think of as its earliest meaning, the earliest meaning known to us is by the letter. Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, by Amy Edmondson, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. That's because change is hard. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? Sometimes you just have to suck it up. Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, by Philip Tetlock, Psychology Review, 2002. VEDANTAM: So this begs the question, if you were to put languages on something of a spectrum, where you have, you know, languages like Spanish or Hindi where nouns are gendered and languages like English where many nouns are not gendered but pronouns are gendered, and on the other end of the spectrum, you have languages like Finnish or Persian where you can have a conversation about someone without actually mentioning their gender, it would seem surprising if this did not translate, at some level, into the way people thought about gender in their daily activities, in terms of thinking about maybe even who can do what in the workplace. So one possibility for bilinguals would be that they just have two different minds inside - right? And so I was trying to keep track of which way is which. I said, you know, this weird thing happened. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #6: (Speaking foreign language). But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? Please do not republish our logo, name or content digitally or distribute to more than 10 people without written permission. 4.62. Think back to the last time someone convinced you to do something you didn't want to do, or to spend money you didn't want to spend. What turns out to be the case is that it's something in between - that bilinguals don't really turn off the languages they're not using when they're not using them. to describe the world. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways w, Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. Hidden Brain: You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose on Apple Podcasts 51 min You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose Hidden Brain Social Sciences Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. UNIDENTIFIED MAN #1: (Speaking foreign language). It's just how I feel. Personal Strivings: An Approach to Personality and Subjective Well-being, by Robert A. Emmons, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1986. So earlier things are on the left. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? They often feel angry about it, and you think this anger is actually telling. (SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "PARKS AND RECREATION"). Welcome to HIDDEN BRAIN. And it's sad that we're not going to be able to make use of them and learn them and celebrate them. All episodes of Hidden Brain - Chartable Hidden Brain Episodes Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. It's too high. You know, we spend years teaching children about how to use language correctly. And if you can enjoy it as a parade instead of wondering why people keep walking instead of just sitting on chairs and blowing on their tubas and not moving, then you have more fun. Of course, you also can't experience anything outside of time. Just saying hello was difficult. And so language changed just like the clouds in the sky. VEDANTAM: Still don't have a clear picture? That's how much cultural heritage is lost. They believe that their language reflects the true structure of the world. Perceived Partner Responsiveness Minimizes Defensive Reactions to Failure, by Peter A. Caprariello and Harry T. Reis, Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2011. So in English, I might say that Sam (ph) broke the flute. I know-uh (ph) is there, or something along the lines of babe-uh (ph). That kind of detail may not appear. Whereas speakers of a language like Spanish might not be quite as good at remembering who did it when it's an accident, but they're better at remembering that it was an accident. BORODITSKY: And when they were trying to act like Wednesday, they would act like a woman BORODITSKY: Which accords with grammatical gender in Russian. We're speaking today with cognitive science professor Lera Boroditsky about language. They give us a sense that the meanings of words are fixed, when in fact they're not. Parents and peers influence our major life choices, but they can also steer us in directions that leave us deeply unsatisfied. It is the very fabric, the very core of your experience. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #2: (Speaking foreign language). VEDANTAM: As someone who spends a lot of his time listening to language evolve, John hears a lot of slang. And I did that. MCWHORTER: It's a matter of fashion, pure and simple. And so, for example, can I get a hamburger? But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness?
Why Did They Change Helen In Inspector Lynley,
What Are Cumulative Practice Activities For Teaching Alphabet Knowledge?,
Missed Bin Collection Wolverhampton,
Southern Pronunciation Of Ambulance,
Law Enforcement Motorcycle Clubs In Florida,
Articles H