While still working as a writer, Bly died from pneumonia on January 27, 1922. Nicols Enrquez de Vargas (artist), Portrait of Sor Juana Ins de la Cruz, ca. How many siblings did Louisa May Alcott have? "Nellie Bly." How many siblings did Mary Livermore have? Due to the familys financial struggles, she left the school after one term and soon moved with her mother to Pittsburgh, where her two older brothers had settled. The piece shed light on a number of disturbing conditions at the facility, including neglect and physical abuse, and, along with spawning her book on the subject, ultimately spurred a large-scale investigation of the institution. Nellie Bly Wikipedia. How many children did Abigail Adams have? (New York, N.Y.), 14 Nov. 1889. Nellie Bly's stint in the facility wasn't necessarily how she envisioned making a name for herself. Her world tour made her a celebrity. Nellie Bly left New York for France on November 14, 1889. She went undercover at a factory where she experienced unsafe working conditions, poor wages, and long hours. She uncovered the abuse of women by male police officers, identified an employment agency that was stealing from immigrants, and exposed corrupt politicians. After the company suffered losses from embezzlement, Bly returned to journalism and reported from Europe during World War I. Although Elizabeth never regained the level of stardom she experienced after her trip around the world, she continued to use her writing to shed light on issues of the day. Wanting to write pieces that addressed both men and women, Bly began looking for a newspaper that would allow her to write on more serious topics. He had 10 children with his first wife, Catherine Murphy, and 5 more children, including Elizabeth Cochran his thirteenth daughter, with his second wife, Mary Jane Kennedy. Oportunidades Iguales Para Las Mujeres En El Trabajo y La Educaccion, Womens Strike for Equality, New York, Fifth Avenue, 1970, Eugene Gordon photograph collection, 1970-1990. The reporter known as Nellie Bly was born Elizabeth Jane Cochran in Cochran's Mills, Pennsylvania, where her father was a mill owner and county judge. Ten Days in the Madhouse. American investigative journalist (18641922), Elizabeth Cochran, "Nellie Bly," aged about 26. Unable to maintain the land or their house, Blys family left Cochran's Mill. While in charge of the company, Bly put her social reforms into action and Iron Clad employees enjoyed several perks unheard of at the time, including fitness gyms, libraries and healthcare. Bly followed her Blackwell's expos with similar investigative work, including editorials detailing the improper treatment of individuals in New York jails and factories, corruption in the state legislature and other first-hand accounts of malfeasance. world attention to journalist Nellie Bly with his Madden immediately offered her a job as a columnist. She also prioritized the welfare of the employees, providing health care benefits and recreational facilities. How many siblings did Angelina Grimke have? [72], A large species of tarantula from Ecuador, Pamphobeteus nellieblyae Sherwood et al., 2022, was named in her honour by arachnologists.[73]. Elizabeth is often described as a muckraker. A misogynistic column in the daily, The Pittsburgh Dispatch, prompted her to pen a fiery rebuttal to the editor under the pseudonym Lonely Orphan Girl. Such was the impression of her writing that it won her a full-time employment with the newspaper. Young Elizabeth attended boarding school but just for a term before dropping out due to insufficient funds. Nellie Bly was born Elizabeth Jane Cochran on May 5, 1864 in Cochrans Mill, Pennsylvania. In the piece, writer Erasmus Wilson (known to Dispatch readers as the "Quiet Observer," or Q.O.) [14] It was customary for women who were newspaper writers at that time to use pen names. In 1887, Bly relocated to New York City and began working for the New York World, the publication that later became famously known for spearheading "yellow journalism." When she returned, she was again assigned to the society page and promptly quit in protest. Bly continued to publish influential pieces of journalism, including interviews with prominent individuals like anarchist activist and writer Emma Goldman and socialist politician and labor organizer Eugene V. Debs. As one of few women and Asian musicians in the jazz world, Akiyoshi infused Japanese culture, sounds, and instruments into her music. The high point of Cochranes career at the World began on November 14, 1889, when she sailed from New York to beat the record of Phileas Fogg, hero of Jules Vernes romance Around the World in Eighty Days. [28] Bly's journey was a world record, though it only stood for a few months, until George Francis Train completed the journey in 67 days.[31]. "[22] She refused to go to bed and eventually scared so many of the other boarders that the police were called to take her to the nearby courthouse. In an effort to accurately expose the conditions at the asylum, she pretended to be a mental patient in order to be committed to the facility, .css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}where she lived for 10 days. [39] Bly was the first woman and one of the first foreigners to visit the war zone between Serbia and Austria. [38], Bly wrote stories on Europe's Eastern Front during World War I. How many children did Laura Ingalls Wilder have? Nellie Bly was ousted from Mexico after she ran a series of articles criticizing the Mexican dictator and ruler, Porfirio Diaz. Astrological Sign: Taurus, Death Year: 1922, Death date: January 27, 1922, Death State: New York, Death City: New York, Death Country: United States, Article Title: Nellie Bly Biography, Author: Biography.com Editors, Website Name: The Biography.com website, Url: https://www.biography.com/activist/nellie-bly, Publisher: A&E Television Networks, Last Updated: April 19, 2021, Original Published Date: April 2, 2014. Best Known For: Nellie Bly was known for her pioneering journalism, including her 1887 expos on the conditions of asylum patients at Blackwell's Island in New York City and her report of her. (Bly's record was beaten in 1890 by George Francis Train, who finished the trip in 67 days.). Her reporting on life in the asylum shocked the public and led to increased funding to improve conditions in the institution. How many siblings did Mary McLeod Bethune have. Bly's celebrity reached an international level with her mission to travel around the world in 80 days, just as the character Phileas Fogg did in Jules Verne's Around the World in Eighty Days. After her return, she toured the country as a lecturer. How many siblings did Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton have? The newspapers editor, George Madden, saw potential in her piece and invited her to work for the Dispatch as a reporter. She died of pneumonia on January 27, 1922. Alternate titles: Elizabeth Cochran, Elizabeth Cochrane. Nellie Bly embarked on her journey from Hoboken, New Jersey, travelling first by ship but later by other vehicles. Still only 21, she was determined "to do something no girl has done before. In 1887 Cochrane left Pittsburgh for New York City and went to work for Joseph Pulitzers New York World. [1] She was a pioneer in her field and launched a new kind of investigative journalism. Her favorite color is pink. Activist journalists like Elizabethcommonly known as muckrakerswere an important part of reform movements. How many blood siblings did Queen Isabella have? [54] A fictionalized version of Bly as a mouse named Nellie Brie appears as a central character in the animated children's film An American Tail: The Mystery of the Night Monster. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. How many siblings did Mary Todd Lincoln have? Nellie Bly was born Elizabeth Jane Cochran on May 5, 1864 in Cochran's Mill, Pennsylvania. [43][44], In 2019, the Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation put out an open call for artists to create a Nellie Bly Memorial art installation on Roosevelt Island. On January 25, 1890, the world waited for a young reporter named Nellie Bly to arrive back home. Nellie lived on a big farm with her parents Michael Cochran and Mary Kane and her siblings. She covered a number of national news stories, including the Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913 in Washington, D.C. Elizabeth often referred to suffrage in her articles, arguing that women were as capable as men in all things. http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/bly/madhouse/madhouse.html, Janet Yellen: The Progress of Women and Minorities in the Field of Economics, Elinor Lin Ostrom, Nobel Prize Economist, Chronicles of American Women: Your History Makers, Women Writing History: A Coronavirus Journaling Project, We Who Believe in Freedom: Black Feminist DC, Learning Resources on Women's Political Participation, https://doi.org/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1601472, https://wams.nyhistory.org/modernizing-america/modern-womanhood/nellie-bly/, www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/nellie-bly, https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/07/28/she-went-undercover-expose-an-insane-asylums-horrors-now-nellie-bly-is-getting-her-due/, https://www.heinzhistorycenter.org/learn/women-forging-way/nellie-bly-around-the-world. 1985.212. For ten days Elizabeth experienced the physical and mental abuses suffered by patients. Popularly known by her pen name Nellie Bly, Elizabeth Cochran was an American journalist and writer who was a pioneer in the field of investigative journalism. Madden offered her an opportunity to write another column, and after she submitted her column on how divorce affects women, he hired her for the newspaper (giving her the pseudonym Nellie Bly). She regularly sent articles reporting about the lives and customs of Mexican people which were later published as a book titled, Six Months in Mexico. Elizabeths report about Blackwells Island earned her a permanent position as an investigative journalist for the World. Bly later enrolled at the Indiana Normal School, a small college in Indiana, Pennsylvania, where she studied to become a teacher. This is a short thirty-minute lesson on Frances Ellen Watkins Harper. Quick Quiz: Around The World With Nellie Bly. Unidentified African American woman in uniform, 1861. Nellie started boarding school but had to drop out after only one term since her parents did not have enough money to pay for the school. At the age of 15, she enrolled in the State Normal School in Indiana, Pennsylvania, and an added an e to her last name to sound more distinguished. With her courageous and bold act, she cemented her legacy as one of the most notable journalists in history. Unable to maintain the land or their house, Bly's family left Cochran's Mill. How many siblings did Wilma Rudolph have? With Christina Ricci, Judith Light, Josh Bowman, Anja Savcic. She completed the trip in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes and 14 seconds, setting a new world record. She had several siblings and half-siblings. Her straightforward yet compassionate approach to these issues captivated audiences. [36], Bly was, however, an inventor in her own right, receiving U.S. Patent 697,553 for a novel milk can and U.S. Patent 703,711 for a stacking garbage can, both under her married name of Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman. All Rights Reserved. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nellie-Bly, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Nellie Bly, Social Welfare History Project - Biography of Nellie Bly, The MY HERO Project - Biography of Nellie Bly, National Women's History Museum - Biography of Nellie Bly, Nellie Bly - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Nellie Blys Book: Around the World in Seventy-two Days. of Congress. She breathed her last on January 27, 1922 at St. Mark's Hospital in New York City due to pneumonia. How many siblings did Lucretia Garfield have? Elizabeth Jane Cochran, a.k.a. Cochrans editor chose the name Nelly Bly from a Stephen Foster song. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Who Is Dilbert Cartoonist Scott Adams? [49], During the 1990s, playwright Lynn Schrichte wrote and toured Did You Lie, Nellie Bly?, a one-woman show about Bly. How many siblings did Deborah Sampson have? As she became a teenager, she wanted to portray herself as more sophisticated, and she dropped the nickname and changed her surname to "Cochrane". [20], In 1893, Bly used the celebrity status she had gained from her asylum reporting skills to schedule an exclusive interview with the allegedly insane serial killer Lizzie Halliday.[25]. However, not long after beginning her courses there, financial constraints forced Bly to table her hopes for higher education. The Girl Puzzle Monument honoring activist and journalist Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman, pen name Nellie Bly (1864-1922), is a public sculptural installation by American artist Amanda Matthews, CEO/Partner of Prometheus Art Bronze Foundry and Metal Fabrication.The installation is located on the northern tip of Roosevelt Island in Lighthouse Park (named after the Blackwell Island Light) in the New . One of Bly's earliest assignments was to author a piece detailing the experiences endured by patients of the infamous mental institution on Blackwell's Island (now Roosevelt Island) in New York City. In 1889, the paper sent her on a trip around the world in a record-setting 72 days. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. [13] Her first article for the Dispatch, titled "The Girl Puzzle", argued that not all women would marry and that what was needed were better jobs for women. When Bly was six, her father died suddenly and without a will. [70], The Nellie Bly Amusement Park in Brooklyn, New York City, was named after her, taking as its theme Around the World in Eighty Days. In 1895, Elizabeth retired from writing and married Robert Livingston Seaman. Thought lost, these novels were not collected in book form until their re-discovery in 2021.[75]. Her image was used on everything from playing cards to board games. [57], Bly has been the subject of two episodes of the Comedy Central series Drunk History. Bly went on to gain more fame in 1889, when she traveled around the world in an attempt to break the faux record of Phileas Fogg, the fictional title character of Jules Verne's 1873 novel, Around the World in Eighty Days. How many siblings did Eleanor Roosevelt have? American National Biography. How many brothers and sisters did Harriet Tubman have? [10] In 1880, Cochrane's mother moved her family to Allegheny City, which was later annexed by the City of Pittsburgh. [14] Her second article, "Mad Marriages", was about how divorce affected women. Kroeger, Brooke. Also, her 1889 record-breaking trip around the world in 72 days, in emulation of Jules Verne's fictional character Phileas Fogg, was a historic move for a woman at that time. 1890. Now Nellie Bly is getting her due., Eighty Days: Nellie Bly and Elizabeth Bisland's History-Making Race Around the World. How many siblings did Marie Antoinette have? Now Nellie Bly is getting her due. The Washington Post. Christina Ricci starred as Bly and Transparent's Judith Light played the role of the head nurse. She left the newspaper industry after her marriage to serve as the president of her husbands company, Iron Clad Manufacturing Co. As a social reformer she gave over-the-top perks to her employees but the scheme cost the company so dearly that it went bankrupt. Faced with such dwindling finances, Bly consequently re-entered the newspaper industry. Given the green light to try the feat by the New York World, Bly embarked on her journey from Hoboken, New Jersey, in November 1889, traveling first by ship and later also via horse, rickshaw, sampan, burro and other vehicles. Unfortunately, he died when Elizabeth was only six years old and his fortune was divided among his many children, leaving Elizabeths mother and her children with a small fraction of the wealth they once enjoyed. It was initially published as a series of articles for the New York World. Nellie Bly died of pneumonia when she was 57. Nellie Bly married manufacturer Robert Seaman in 1895. Returning to Pittsburgh, she temporarily continued working for The Pittsburgh Dispatch before leaving for New York City in 1887. In 1888, Bly suggested to her editor at the New York World that she take a trip around the world, attempting to turn the fictional Around the World in Eighty Days (1873) into fact for the first time. [citation needed] The character of Lana Winters (Sarah Paulson) in American Horror Story: Asylum is inspired by Bly's experience in the asylum. [56], Bly was also a subject of Season 2 Episode 5 of The West Wing in which First Lady Abbey Bartlet dedicates a memorial in Pennsylvania in honor of Nellie Bly and convinces the president to mention her and other female historic figures during his weekly radio address. Nellie (her pen name) is the best known of these children, and there is not much information about her 14 siblings. Bly later compiled the articles into a book, being published by Ian L. Munro in New York City in 1887. In 1887, at age 23, reporter Nellie Bly, working for Joseph Pulitzer, feigns mental illness to go undercover in notorious Blackwell's Island a woman's insane asylum to expose corruption, abuse and murder. How many siblings did Amy Carmichael have? With an attempt to break the faux record of the character of Phileas Fogg, Bly began her 24, 899 mile journey on November 14, 1889, boarding the Augusta Victoria. From France she went to Italy and Egypt, through South Asia to Singapore and Japan, then to San Francisco and back to New York. Omissions? When Elizabeth Cochran began in journalism in 1885, it was considered inappropriate for a woman to write under her own name. How many siblings did Molly Pitcher have? Elizabeth knew that she would need to support herself financially. Toshiko Akiyoshi changed the face of jazz music over her sixty-year career. How many siblings did Queen Victoria have? How many siblings did Lucretia Mott have? For 72 days, as she jumped cargo ships, trains, tugboats, and rickshaws, newspaper readers had. How many siblings did Mother Teresa have? Pace, Lawson. Life Story: Elizabeth Cochrane, aka Nellie Bly (1864-1922), Women & The American Story, New-York Historical Society Library and Museum. These changes included a larger appropriation of funds for the care of mentally ill patients, additional physician appointments for stronger supervision of nurses and other healthcare workers, and regulations to prevent overcrowding and fire hazards at the city's medical facilities. The newspapers editor, George A. Madden, was so impressed with the letter that he published a note asking the Lonely Orphan Girl to reveal her name. How many sisters did Susan B. Anthony have? Interestingly, rival newspaper New York Cosmopolitan had sent their reporter Elizabeth Bisland on a similar journey but she arrived four days later. 1893-1894. She was 57 years old. Although several newspapers turned down her application because she was a woman, she was eventually given the opportunity to write for Joseph Pulitzers New York World. Elizabeth marched into the Dispatch offices and introduced herself. "[18] She then traveled to Mexico to serve as a foreign correspondent, spending nearly half a year reporting on the lives and customs of the Mexican people; her dispatches later were published in book form as Six Months in Mexico. In it, she explained that New York City invested more money into care for the mentally ill after her articles were published. Collection of the New-York Historical Society. How many siblings did Sophie Germain have? New-York Historical Society. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Blys literary success proliferated when she turned the fictional tale of Jules Vernes 1873 novel Around the World in Eighty Days, into reality. Activist journalists like Elizabethcommonly known as muckrakerswere an important part of reform movements. Seaman died in 1904. The New York World completely supported her ambitious feat. By Barbara Maranzani Updated: Nov 12, 2020. Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. In 1911, she returned to journalism as a reporter for the New York Evening Journal. Her first articles, on conditions among working girls in Pittsburgh, slum life, and other similar topics, marked her as a reporter of ingenuity and concern. Michael Cochran began his career in the mills outside Pittsburgh, until he was able to earn enough to buy the mill. Conduct a close examination of. Escaping the Madhouse: The Nellie Bly Story: Directed by Karen Moncrieff. There were nearly one million entries in the contest. A progressive social reformer and activist, Jane Addams was on the frontline of the settlement house movement and was the first American woman to wina Nobel Peace Prize. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1889-11-14/ed-3/seq-1/, By: Arlisha R. Norwood, NWHM Fellow; Updated by: Mariana Brandman, NWHM Predoctoral Fellow in Womens History | 2020-2022. July 28, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/07/28/she-went-undercover-expose-an-insane-asylums-horrors-now-nellie-bly-is-getting-her-due/. National Women's History Museum. National Women's History Museum. [40], On January 27, 1922, Bly died of pneumonia at St. Mark's Hospital, New York City, aged 57. We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't look right,contact us! How many children did Anne Hutchinson have? Ultimately, the costs of these benefits began to mount and drain her inheritance. In 1887, 23-year-old reporter Nellie Bly had herself committed to a New York City asylum to expose the horrific conditions for 19th-century mental patients. Just two years after reviving her writing career, on January 27, 1922, Bly died from pneumonia in New York City. How many siblings did Queen Elizabeth I have? Baker's career as an actress took place from 1921-1934 and she performed in 13 films. She often exposed the poor working conditions faced by women. New York, Nellie Bly Press, 2017. In 1885, Bly began working as a reporter for the Pittsburgh Dispatch at a rate of $5 per week. She went undercover to expose an insane asylums horrors. Bolstered by continuous coverage in the World, Bly earned international stardom for her months-long stunt, and her fame continued to grow after she safely returned to her native state and her record-setting achievement was announced. Unfortunately, Bly did not manage the finances well and fell victim to fraud by employees that led the firm to declare bankruptcy. Feb. 1, 2000; Accessed April 27, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1601472. How many siblings did Frances Hodgson Burnett have? [citation needed] Julia Duffy appeared as Bly in the July 10, 1983 Voyagers! Nellie Bly was known for her pioneering journalism, including her 1887 expos on the conditions of asylum patients at Blackwell's Island in New York City and her report of her 72-day trip around the world. History 101: Nellie Bly. She also became renowned for her investigative and undercover reporting, including posing as a sweatshop worker to expose poor working conditions faced by women. [9] In 1879, she enrolled at Indiana Normal School (now Indiana University of Pennsylvania) for one term but was forced to drop out due to lack of funds. It was there that she added an e to her last name, becoming Elizabeth Jane Cochrane. For the first 20 or so years of her life, Nellie Bly was known not as Nellie, nor as Elizabeth Jane Cochran, which was her birth name, but as "Pink," due to her fondness for the color, according to New World Encyclopedia. [15] "Mad Marriages" was published under the byline of Nellie Bly, rather than "Lonely Orphan Girl". Two years later, Bly moved to New York City and began working for the New York World. [46] The Girl Puzzle opened to the public in December, 2021. Nellie Bly was a journalist at a time when there were very few women in the workforce. She is also well-known for making a trip around the world for a record 72 days, beating a fictitious record that had been set by . Her New York debut, at age 23, was a harrowing two-part expos of the Woman's Lunatic Asylum on Blackwell's (now Roosevelt) Island for which she had feigned insanity and fooled a battalion of Bellevue doctors and curious reporters from competing papers to get inside. Nellie Blys first major work as a reporter was when she did the asylum expose for New York World. Her work Ten Days in a Mad House was a phenomenal success and won her great acclaim. Nellie Bly: Around the World in 72 Days. Senator John Heinz History Center. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Print Page Nellie Bly Nellie Bly, c. 1890. Her reporting not only raised awareness about mental health treatment and led to improvements in institutional conditions, it also ushered in an age of investigative journalism. However, after only a year and a half, Elizabeth ran out of money and could no longer afford the tuition. She was far and away the best-known woman journalist of her day. Brief Life History of Jonathan J How many siblings did Cleopatra VII have? However, after his death, the family . Lib. This article was most recently revised and updated by, 8 of Nellie Bly's Most Sensational Stories. How many siblings did Emmeline Pankhurst have? At New York, she soon found herself a job at Joseph Pulitzers newspaper, New York World. One of her early assignments was to investigate reports of brutality and neglect at the Women's Lunatic Asylum on Blackwell's Island. Blys successful career reached new heights in 1889 when she decided to travel around the world after reading the popular book by Jules Verne, Around the World in 80 Days. Michael had 10 children with his first wife and five more with Mary Jane, who had no prior children.
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